Tantalum capacitors:

Advantages: small size, large capacitance, various shapes, long life, high reliability, wide operating temperature range

Disadvantages: small capacity, high price, weak withstand voltage and current capability

Application: military communication, aerospace, industrial control, video equipment, communication instrument

It belongs to a type of electrolytic capacitor. It uses metal tantalum as the medium, unlike ordinary electrolytic capacitors that use electrolyte. Tantalum capacitors do not need to be wound with aluminum-coated capacitor paper like ordinary electrolytic capacitors. They have almost no inductance, but this It also limits its capacity. ——We are in large capacity, but need low ESL, we choose tantalum capacitors.

Since there is no electrolyte inside the tantalum capacitor, it is very suitable for working at high temperature. Some scenarios require a wider temperature range.

The working medium of tantalum capacitors is a very thin layer of tantalum pentoxide film formed on the surface of tantalum metal. This layer of oxide film, the dielectric and one end of the capacitor are combined into a whole, and cannot exist alone. Therefore, it has a very high working electric field strength per unit volume, and has a particularly large capacitance, that is, a very high specific capacity, so it is particularly suitable for miniaturization. ——Scenarios with high integration, aluminum electrolytic capacitors occupy a large area, and ceramic capacitors have insufficient capacity.

Tantalum capacitors have excellent performance. They are products with small size and large capacitance among capacitors. They have few competitors in power supply filtering, AC bypass and other applications. Tantalum electrolytic capacitors have the properties of storing electricity, charging and discharging, etc. They are mainly used in filtering, energy storage and conversion, mark bypass, coupling and decoupling, and time constant components. Pay attention to its performance characteristics in application, and correct use will help to give full play to its functions. Among them, such as considering the working environment of the product and its heating temperature, and taking measures such as derating, if it is used improperly, it will affect the working life of the product. ——For example, the USB interface output needs to be derated, the withstand voltage meets 5V, and the integration is relatively high. When ceramic capacitors do not meet the requirements of high withstand voltage and large capacity, we have to choose tantalum capacitors. The energy storage effect of ceramic capacitors cannot be equivalent to the capacitance value in parallel, and the cost required to achieve the same effect is also very large.

Tantalum capacitors have better capacitance temperature stability. In some coupling and filtering scenarios, if the requirements for phase and filter frequency characteristics are relatively high, and the capacity accuracy requirements are relatively high, non-polar tantalum capacitors will be used. Such as audio circuit design with high sound quality requirements.

We need to consider the accuracy and consistency of capacitance across different temperatures.

The temperature characteristics of ceramic capacitors are obviously not stable enough.

In the working process of tantalum capacitors, it has the performance of automatically repairing or isolating defects in the oxide film, so that the oxide film dielectric can be strengthened and restored to its proper insulating ability at any time, without continuous cumulative damage. This unique self-healing property guarantees its advantages of long life and reliability. ——Scenarios where aluminum electrolytic capacitors cannot meet the service life due to drying up.